Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm aliphatic hydrocarbons yog cov roj siv hluav taws xob, cov kuab tshuaj ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom siv raw rau cov tshuaj synthesis, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev tsim khoom thiab lub neej txhua hnub. Cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem raug cais raws li hauv qab no:
1. Lub zog roj muaj nuj nqi: Qhov no yog kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm aliphatic hydrocarbons. Methane, roj av, kerosene, thiab diesel yog tag nrho cov roj tseem ceeb. Methane yog dav siv rau cov cua sov hauv tsev, thaum roj av thiab diesel yog lub zog tseem ceeb rau kev thauj mus los, tso tawm ntau lub zog thaum tshav kub kub.
2. Kev ua haujlwm hnyav: Tsawg-boiling-point aliphatic hydrocarbons (xws li roj av thiab roj av) feem ntau yog siv cov kuab tshuaj organic hauv kev lag luam. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev lag luam tu thiab hnyav rho tawm ntawm cov khoom siv organic. Lawv insolubility hauv dej tso cai rau lawv kom yaj ntau hydrophobic organic tshuaj.
3. Chemical Synthesis Raw Material Function: Tsawg-carbon aliphatic hydrocarbons (C1-}C5): Cov no yog cov tseem ceeb raw cov ntaub ntawv rau petrochemicals. Ethylene, propylene, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem siv los ntawm kev sib ntxiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization los tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab cov fibers xws li polyethylene thiab polypropylene, tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws hauv kev lag luam. Siab dua aliphatic hydrocarbons (C6 thiab saum toj no): Ncaj-chain olefins (C18 thiab qis dua) tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov yas yas thiab cov khoom siv surfactants; n-alkanes tuaj yeem oxidized los npaj ntau dua cawv thiab fatty acids, uas yog raw khoom rau xab npum thiab detergents; C10-C30 n-alkanes kuj tseem siv tau los tsim cov protein ib leeg rau tsiaj noj los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg.
4. Lwm cov ntawv thov sub-: Aliphatic hydrocarbons kuj koom nrog hauv kev tsim tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab qee cov derivatives tuaj yeem siv los ua roj av additives, nplaim hluav taws, thiab lwm yam tshuaj auxiliaries, npog ntau yam xws li tshuaj lom neeg txhua hnub thiab biomedicine.