Halogenated hydrocarbons yog cov tebchaw tsim thaum hydrogen atoms hauv hydrocarbon molecule hloov los ntawm halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine). Raws li hom kev hloov halogen thiab cov qauv ntawm pawg hydrocarbon, ntau hom thiab cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas yog raws li hauv qab no:
Kev faib tawm los ntawm hom hloov halogen:
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Chlorinated hydrocarbons yog cov chav kawm feem ntau ntawm halogenated hydrocarbons, xa mus rau cov tebchaw tsim thaum hydrogen atoms hloov los ntawm chlorine. Lawv muaj cov kev siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam.
Cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau suav nrog:
Saturated chloroalkanes: Chloromethane (CH₃Cl), dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂), chloroform (CHCl₃, trichloromethane), carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), chloroethane (C₂H₅Cl)
Unsaturated chloroalkenes: Vinyl chloride (C₂H₃Cl, polyvinyl chloride monomer), trichlorethylene (C₂HCl₃)
Fluorinated hydrocarbons:
Cov tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm kev hloov cov hydrogen atoms nrog fluorine, feem ntau siv hauv cov tub yees thiab tshuab tshuab. Piv txwv xws li Freons (xws li dichlorodifluoromethane, CFC-12, uas yog ib zaug siv los ua cov tub yees).
Brominated hydrocarbons:
Cov tebchaw tsim los ntawm kev hloov cov hydrogen atoms nrog bromine. Piv txwv xws li bromomethane (CH₃Br), bromoethane (CH₃CH₂Br), thiab dibromoethane.